Transaction With Spring and Jpa

Описание: Understanding Transactions with Spring and JPA
In enterprise applications, maintaining data integrity is crucial, especially when multiple operations must succeed or fail together. This is where transactions come in. A transaction is a sequence of operations performed as a single unit of work. If any operation within the transaction fails, the entire transaction is rolled back, ensuring the database remains consistent.

Spring and JPA Transaction Management
Spring provides a powerful and flexible way to manage transactions using the @Transactional annotation, integrated seamlessly with Java Persistence API (JPA).

Key Concepts:
@Transactional Annotation: Applied at the class or method level to mark a boundary of a transactional operation.
EntityManager: JPA's main interface for interacting with the persistence context. It automatically joins the current transaction in Spring.
Propagation: Defines how transactions relate to each other (e.g., REQUIRED, REQUIRES_NEW).
Rollback Rules: By default, Spring rolls back on unchecked exceptions (RuntimeException, Error) but not on checked exceptions unless configured otherwise.

Best Practices:
Keep transactional methods small and focused.
Avoid calling @Transactional methods from within the same class (self-invocation won't trigger a proxy).
Use appropriate isolation levels when dealing with concurrency.
Be cautious with lazy loading and transaction boundaries, especially in web applications.