The working process of electromagnetic chuck

Описание: An electromagnetic chuck uses electromagnetic principles to generate a magnetic force to attract ferromagnetic materials. Its core operating principle is as follows: electromagnetic induction and magnetic field generation. When direct current passes through an internal coil, a strong magnetic field is generated around the coil. This magnetic field forms a closed magnetic circuit through a magnetically conductive surface (such as a cast steel housing or a core made of stacked silicon steel sheets), allowing magnetic lines of force to penetrate the workpiece, achieving adhesion. When the power is removed, the magnetic field dissipates, releasing the attraction.

Circular electromagnetic chucks use concentric or plum blossom-shaped magnetic poles, enhancing adhesion stability through the superposition of magnetic fields. A cover plate made of non-magnetic material (such as aluminum or copper) separates the magnetic poles, ensuring that magnetic lines of force preferentially pass through the workpiece rather than the cover plate, forming a complete magnetic circuit.

Magnetization requires contactor energization, while demagnetization requires reverse current demagnetization. The circuit design includes time delay and power-off protection features. Coil processing (such as insulating varnish or epoxy resin encapsulation) directly affects magnetic strength and lifespan. Permanent magnetic chucks, on the other hand, mechanically switch magnetic pole states to achieve adhesion and release.