Submarine

Описание: Submarines are some of the most complex machines ever built, essentially acting as "underwater spaceships" that allow humans to survive for months in a high-pressure, oxygen-free environment.
🌊 How They Work: The Magic of Ballast
A submarine controls its depth using ballast tanks. These are large compartments that can hold either air or water: 
• To Dive: The sub opens valves to let seawater into the ballast tanks. This makes the ship denser than the surrounding water, causing it to sink. 
• To Surface: Compressed air is pumped into the tanks, forcing the water out. This makes the sub lighter (more buoyant), allowing it to float back up. 
• To Stay Level: Small "wings" called hydroplanes help steer the sub up or down while it is moving, much like the flaps on an airplane wing. 
🏛️ Historical Milestones
• The First Sub (1620): Cornelius Drebbel, a Dutch inventor, built the first navigable submarine out of a rowboat covered in greased leather. It was propelled by oars and successfully traveled 15 feet below the Thames River. 
• **The "Turtle" (1776): During the American Revolution, the Turtle became the first submarine used in combat. It was a one-man, acorn-shaped vessel made of wood. 
• Nuclear Revolution: In 1954, the USS Nautilus became the first nuclear-powered submarine. Unlike diesel subs that must surface to run their engines and recharge batteries, nuclear subs can stay submerged almost indefinitely because they don't need air to generate power#submarine #nuclear #ocean ##balast # #subscribe #youtube