National Anthem: Chile - Himno Nacional de Chile

Описание: http://www.southamerica.cl/Chile/Nati...

The National Anthem of Chile (Himno Nacional de Chile in Spanish) is also known as La Canción Nacional (or National Song). It has a history of two lyrics and two melodies that made up three different versions. It was composed by Eusebio Lillo and Ramón Carnicer and has six verses plus the chorus after each one. The current official version (sung before football games etc.) only contains the fifth verse and the chorus.

The first Chilean National Anthem dates back to 1819, when the government called for, on the 19th of July, the creation of music and lyrics for this purpose. The composer Manuel Robles and the poet Bernardo de Vera y Pintado fulfilled this mandate and their "National Song" debuted on the 20 August 1820 in the Domingo Arteaga theater, although other historians claim that it was played and sung during the festivities of September 1819. This first national anthem was sung until 1828, when it was replaced with what is sung today.

The second Chilean National Anthem was composed by the Spanish composer Ramón Carnicer, when he was exiled in England because of his liberal ideas. Mariano Egaña, Chilean Minister in London, acting on the criticism that the first anthem by Robles' was receiving, asked Carnicer to compose a new hymn with Bernardo de Vera's original text. The Spanish musician probably wrote the work by 1827, the date he returned to Barcelona, and his anthem debuted in Santiago, in the Arteaga theater, on 23 December 1828. Years later, in 1847, the Chilean government entrusted the young poet Eusebio Lillo with a new text that would replace the anti-Spain version of Vera y Pintado, and after being analyzed by Andrés Bello, retained the original chorus ("Dulce patria, recibe los votos...").

During the military government (1973-1990) of Augusto Pinochet, Verse III was officially incorporated because of his praise of the military. After, in 1990, it was eliminated from the anthem and only sung in military events as part of the full song. Supporters from the former military regime also sing the anthem with Verse III in private ceremonies.