The Creation of Aurora|Northern lights|Nordlys

Описание: This video is about the process of aurora formation, place and time

Auroras are beautiful natural light displays that occur near Earth’s polar regions. They happen because of interactions between charged particles from the Sun and Earth’s magnetic field and atmosphere.

🌌 Process of Aurora Formation

Solar Wind Emission

The Sun constantly emits a stream of charged particles called the solar wind.

During solar storms (like coronal mass ejections), more particles rush toward Earth.

Interaction with Earth’s Magnetosphere

Earth’s magnetic field protects us by deflecting most particles.

Some particles are funneled toward the polar regions (north and south poles) along magnetic field lines.

Collision With Atmosphere

Particles collide with atoms and molecules in the upper atmosphere (mostly oxygen and nitrogen).

These collisions excite the atoms, giving them energy.

Light Emission

When the excited atoms return to their normal state, they release photons (light).

This creates glowing patterns—auroras.

🎨 Why Different Colors?
Gas Interaction Level Color Produced
Oxygen High altitude (~200 km) Red
Oxygen Lower altitude (~100 km) Green (most common)
Nitrogen Various altitudes Blue or Purple/Violet
📍 Where Do Auroras Occur?

Auroras are seen in high-latitude regions near the poles:

Northern Hemisphere: called Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights)

Alaska, Canada, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Russia

Southern Hemisphere: called Aurora Australis (Southern Lights)

Antarctica, Southern parts of Australia & New Zealand

🕒 When Do Auroras Occur?

Most active during solar maximum (11-year solar cycle peak)

Best seen during nighttime, especially:

Winter months (longer nights)

Near equinoxes (March & September)

More intense during:

Strong solar storms

Clear, dark skies far from city lights

📎 Quick Summary

Auroras form when solar wind particles hit Earth’s atmosphere near the poles.

Collisions with gases produce glowing lights.

Best seen in high-latitude regions at night, especially during strong solar activity.

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