X-Inactivation | Bio | Video Textbooks - Preview

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In organisms that possess multiple copies of the same chromosome, like females who have two X chromosomes, a genetic compensation process must occur during early development. X chromosome inactivation, or XCI, is the process in which one of the chromosomes in a cell is randomly silenced to prevent the over-expression of the same genes. The inactivated chromosome is condensed into a compact structure, the Barr body, that is inaccessible to transcription.