Excretion in Lower invertebrates | Types of excretory organs | Excretory mechanism | Examples
Автор: NotesWire
Загружено: 2025-11-23
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Learn how lower invertebrates excrete metabolic wastes through simple yet highly efficient mechanisms!
In this video, we cover the excretory structures and processes found in Protozoa, Porifera, Coelenterata, Platyhelminthes, Nematodes, and Annelids. Understand how organisms like amoeba, hydra, planaria, roundworms, and earthworms remove nitrogenous wastes using structures such as contractile vacuoles, flame cells, protonephridia, and nephridia.
📌 Topics Covered:
Need for excretion in lower animals
Excretion in Protozoa (contractile vacuole)
Excretion in Porifera
Excretion in Coelenterata
Flame cells and protonephridia (Platyhelminthes)
Renette cells in Nematodes
Nephridia in Annelids (septal, pharyngeal, integumentary)
Types of nitrogenous wastes: ammonia, urea, uric acid
Evolution of excretory systems
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