Montgomery bus boycott

Описание: Jo Ann Robinson & The Montgomery Bus Boycott

For 382 days, almost the entire African-American population of Montgomery, Alabama, led by Jo Ann Robinson, refused to ride on segregated buses, a turning point in the American civil rights movement.

Jo Ann Gibson Robinson was born on April 17, 1912, in Culloden, Georgia. Jo Ann was valedictorian of her high school graduating class and became the first college graduate of her family when she earned a bachelor's degree in 1934.

Following her graduation, Robinson became a public school teacher in Macon, Georgia.

In 1949, Robinson moved to Montgomery to teach. She experienced the prejudices underlying racial segregation firsthand when she was screamed at for sitting in the empty white section of a city bus; the driver pulled over to yell at her and Robinson fled the bus, fearing that he would hit her. Disgusted by the incident, she began to mobilise against the segregated city bus system.

When Robinson became president of the WPC in 1950, she focused the organization's efforts on desegregating buses. The city's leadership was not interested in integrating buses, however, so Robinson conceptualised a boycott.

Following the arrest of Rosa Parks on December 1, 1955, Robinson distributed a flyer that she'd written urging for Montgomery's African Americans to boycott city buses on December 5 of that year. With the help of John Cannon, chairman of Alabama State's business department at the time, and two students, Robinson distributed more than 50,000 flyers overnight calling for the boycott.

When the boycott proved successful, the Montgomery Improvement Association, led by Martin Luther King Jr., came to manage its continuation.

For her role as a leader of the boycott, Robinson was arrested and targeted with violence; police officers threw a rock into her window and poured acid on her car. The harassment became so bad that state police were requested to guard her home. The boycott continued until June 5, 1956, when a federal district court declared segregating seating unconstitutional.

Robinson died in Los Angeles on August 29, 1992.


Video Equipment Used During Walking Videos:


DJI Osmo Pocket 3 Gimbal Camera (Compact camera with a gimbal)
https://amzn.to/3Nh284E

Apple MacBook Air laptop
https://amzn.to/3Y0tqRJ

Lowepro ProTactic 450 AW II Black Pro Modular Backpack
https://amzn.to/3ZVaQNd

Falcam F38 Aluminum Alloy Multi-Hole Quick Release Kit
https://amzn.to/3ZUJI16

59Inch/146cm Selfie Stick Tripod for Gopro
https://amzn.to/4eyAX11

Apple AirPods Pro 2 Wireless Earbuds
https://amzn.to/3XYNROH


Podcasting Equipment:


Shure SM7B Vocal Dynamic Microphone
https://amzn.to/3BK1YzX

Audient EVO 4 USB Audio Interface sound card for music production
https://amzn.to/4gZ4LFY

beyerdynamic DT 990 PRO Over-Ear Studio Monitor Headphones
https://amzn.to/3BwPb3Q


Audio Books:

Audible Free Trial
httpblackhistor06n.co.uk/Audible-Free-Trial-Digital-Membership/dp/B00OPA2XFG?tag=blackhistor06

The Autobiography of Malcolm X: As Told to Alex Haley
https://amzn.to/4gXr7Hz

The New Jim Crow by Michelle Alexander
https://amzn.to/3XR7l82

Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom by David W. Blight
https://amzn.to/3TVCINK

Currently Reading:

Freeman's Challenge: The Murder That Shook America's Original Prison for Profit
https://amzn.to/3YgoxFe

BLK ART: The Audacious Legacy of Black Artists and Models in Western Art
https://amzn.to/4dD0LYJ

The Oxford Companion to Black British History
https://amzn.to/4eyUs9S

Recommended Reading:

The Souls of Black Folk by W.E.B. Du Bois
https://amzn.to/4exCLYl

Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey
https://amzn.to/3BuTwEI

Stamped from the Beginning
https://amzn.to/47XhvZj