Marigold Flower Cultivation In 45 Days | Hybrid Yellow Marigold Seeds | Horticulture | Floriculture|

Описание: Nursery Rising:
1. The marigold seeds are black in color and remain viable for about 1-2 years for rising of seedlings,

2. Seed germinate in 5-7 days. Before sowing the seeds should be treated with captan 2g/kg of seed to prevent damping off.

3. Seeds should be sowed in pots, seed boxes or raised nursery beds.

4. Nursery beds are prepared by digging area and incorporating well rotten FYM.

5. Before sowing the seeds, the soils should be drenched with Captan to avoid the ants, which carry away the seeds.

6. Seeds should be sown thinly (6-8 cm row to row) and 2cm deep and covered with sieved leaf mold.

7. The nursery beds should be remained moist during entire period.

8. The quantity of seed required depends upon the level of its purity and germination rate.

9. Generally 200-300g seed/acre is required for raising the nursery in summer and rainy season, and 150-200g/acre for winter season.

10. About 1.0-1.5 kg seeds is required for planting in one hectare whereas 250 g/ha is sufficient in case of F1 hybrid. Seed germinate in 5-7 days.

11. The seed germinate 4-5 days after sowing and seedlings become ready for transplanting after 3-4 weeks for sowing.

Sowing time and season:
Depending on environment, planting of marigold can be done in three seasons i.e. rainy, winter and summer and seeds are sown accordingly. Hence, flowers of marigold can be obtained throughout the year. The seasons of sowing and transplanting of seedling for obtaining flowers at different seasons of a year are as under:-

Flowering seasons Sowing time Transplanting time
Late rains Mid-June Mid-July
Winter Mid-September Mid-October
Summer Jan-February February- March
Transplanting of seedlings:
1. Marigold seedlings are easily transplanted and established in the field without much mortality.

2. At the time of transplanting, they should be stocky and bear 3-5 true leaves.

3. Thin and long seedlings do not make a good plant.

4. Very old seedlings are also not desirable.

5. Transplanting should be done in well prepared land and soil is pressed around root zone to avoid air pocket.

6. After transplanting, a light irrigation or watering with rose cane should be done.

7. Plant density depends largely upon the growth habit, cultivar and the soil type.

8. In general, spacing should be 30 cm x 30 cm for French marigold and 40 cm x 40 cm for African marigold.

9. Proper spacing between plants is required for better development of plant and higher flower yield.

Manure and fertilizers
1. Well decomposed FYM @ 24 t/ha should be mixed before ploughing.

2. In addition recommended N:P:K fertilizer dose would be 100:75:75.

3. Half quantity of nitrogen should be and full of potash and phosphorus should be applied as basal dose, preferably one week after transplanting.

4. The remaining quantity of nitrogen should be 30-40 days after transplanting.

5. Marigold also requires zinc and boron for flower quality and yield.

Weeding
1. Weeds are a major problem in marigold especially in rainy season crop. If the weeds are not removed in time, a great loss would occur in terms of growth and productivity of marigold.

2. During the entire growth 3-4 manual weeding are required.

3. Weeding should be done as and when necessary.

Irrigation
1. Irrigation is done once in a week or as and when necessary.

2. Water stagnation should be avoided.

3. Irrigate the crop in 7-8 days interval, but the frequency and quantity of water also depend upon soil and season. In lighter soil, more frequent irrigation is required than that in heavy soil.

4. In hot summer it requires irrigation after 405 days interval while at 10-12 days interval in winter months.

5. Rainy season crops are irrigated according to the climate.

6. Constant moisture supply be maintained from bud formation to harvesting of flowers.

Pinching/ nipping and earthling up:
1. Three weeks after transplanting earthling up is done and then one week after earthling up or 1 month after transplanting the seedlings.

2. Pinching is followed for bushy growth of the plant and development of lateral branches.

3. Pinching is generally done for the 40 days after transplanting, late pinching at 50-60 days proved less effective for branching.

4. Pinching results into production of more number of flowers.

Harvesting of Flowers:
1. After transplanting plans take 40-50 days to flower.

2. Loose flowers are plucked when attain full size depending upon the variety.

3. Flowers should be harvested in the morning hours.

4. Irrigation before plucking gives better flower quality.

1. After harvesting, it is better to keep flowers in cool place.

2. The marigold is packed in gunny bags for local market and for distance market bamboo basket are used.

Yield:
African marigolds yield about 15-28 t/ha whereas the French marigold yields 10-12 t/ha..