Government of India Act 1858 | Xylem IAS

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📌 What You’ll Learn in This Video: Passed on August 2, 1858, in the wake of the 1857 Revolt, the Government of India Act 1858 transferred administrative power from the East India Company to the British Crown. Known as the "Act for the Better Government of India," it abolished the Company's rule, established the Crown's direct authority, created the Secretary of State for India, and redesignated the Governor-General as Viceroy.
Key provisions and features of the Government of India Act 1858:
End of Company Rule: The act transferred all territories, powers, and revenues of the East India Company to the British Crown, effectively establishing the British Raj.
Transfer of Authority: The Board of Control and Court of Directors were abolished, ending the "dual government" system.
Secretary of State for India: A new cabinet-level position, the Secretary of State for India, was created to exercise absolute control over Indian administration, responsible directly to the British Parliament.
Council of India: A 15-member Council of India was established to assist the Secretary of State.
Viceroy of India: The designation of the Governor-General of India was changed to Viceroy, acting as the direct representative of the Crown.
Lord Canning: Lord Canning became the first Viceroy and Governor-General of India.
Administrative Changes: The act signaled a shift towards more direct and, in many ways, more authoritarian, colonial governance, consolidating the "steel frame" of the Indian Civil Service.
Policy Shift: The Act aimed to appease Indian sentiment after the 1857 revolt, including ending the Doctrine of Lapse.

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