Peloponnesian War Analysis | The Elite Overproduction Theory

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The Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC) wasn’t just Athens vs Sparta. It was a slow implosion caused by elite overproduction, an excess of ambitious elites, combined with a scarcity of available positions. Think rat utopia: when status slots are overcrowded, competition turns toxic. This video shows how “democracy vs oligarchy” and “naval power vs land power” were the slogans, but the real fight was about protecting each city’s internal hierarchy. We follow the lives of Pericles, Cleon, Brasidas, and Alcibiades, examining Athenian democracy, Spartan oligarchy, the Delian League, helots, and the Long Walls. Why didn’t Athens unleash a full helot revolt to destroy Sparta? Why did Sparta spare Athens in 404 BC after Aegospotami instead of erasing it? Because both feared social revolution more than military defeat. We cover the Plague of Athens, Pylos, Amphipolis, the Peace of Nikias, the Sicilian Expedition, the Thirty Tyrants, and the Athenian Amnesty of 403 BC. The war killed tens of thousands, but the core power structure survived. The Peloponnesian War wasn’t fought to build a new world; it was fought to stop change and keep the same people on top.


Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: http://www.epidemicsound.com

00:00 Intro
01:22 Historical Context
05:38 The Standard Narrative
09:30 Elite Overproduction
15:05 The War: Initial Phase
17:32 The War: The Long Grind and The Final Act
26:33 Summary

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