Surface Modifications of Epithelial Cells 🔬 | Microvilli, Cilia, Junctions & Basement Membrane 📚✨

Описание: Surface Modifications of Epithelial Cells 🔬 | Microvilli, Cilia, Junctions & Basement Membrane 📚✨
Epithelial cells are highly specialized and polarized, having distinct apical, lateral, and basal surfaces that help them perform absorption, secretion, protection, and transport functions efficiently 🔬📚
In this video, we explain Surface Modifications of Epithelial Cells in a simple, exam-oriented, and concept-clear manner, perfect for BVSc and AH and other veterinary competitive exams.
📌 Topics Covered in This Video
🔹 Surfaces of an epithelial cell
• Apical surface – faces lumen or exterior
• Lateral surface – cell-to-cell contact
• Basal surface – attached to connective tissue
🔹 Apical Surface Modifications
• Modified apical cell membrane (enzymes for absorption & transport)
• Microvilli – non-motile, increase surface area, brush border
• Glycocalyx – protection, digestion, absorption
• Kinocilia (motile cilia) – 9+2 arrangement, metachronal & synchronous movement
• Stereocilia – long, non-motile, actin-based projections
🔹 Lateral Surface Modifications (Cell Junctions)
• Tight junctions (zonula occludens)
• Anchoring junctions (zonula adherens, macula adherens / desmosomes)
• Gap junctions – connexons & intercellular communication
🔹 Basal Surface Modifications
• Basement membrane – basal lamina & reticular lamina
• PAS & silver stain positivity
• Hemidesmosomes – anchoring epithelium to connective tissue
✨ This lecture is highly useful for revision, viva, MCQs, and concept building in veterinary histology.
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