💯 The Electrolysis and Boiling of Water Explained with Fair Examples. Watch this video to find out!

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Question 6

Outline one used for the electrolysis of water.

To produce hydrogen and oxygen (from water) for fuel cells.

Question 7

Why is boiling considered a physical change despite the evolution of gas?

The evolution of gas as an indicator for a chemical change only applies if the gas produced has different properties than the original material. Since steam has identical chemical properties to liquid water, boiling cannot be considered a chemical change.

Question 8

Write the overall equation for the electrolysis of water and compare it to the equation for boiling water.

For the electrolysis of water:
Water (H2O) forms Hydrogen (H2) and (O2)
2H2O(l) = 2H2(g) + O2(g)
For the boiling of water:
H2O(l) = H2O(g)
The electrolysis reaction decomposes water into its component elements while boiling only changes the state.

Question 9

It has been proposed to use electrolysis to produce hydrogen for fuel. Performing electrolysis at high temperatures is more efficient economically than at room temperature. Explain why this might be so.

Electrolysis is the consumption of electrical energy to produce chemical changes. In order to effect these changes a certain amount of energy is required. At high temperatures, this energy can be supplied by heat, reducing the electrical energy requirement. Since electricity is more expensive than heat this results in a net gain in economic efficiency by using higher temperatures.

Question 10

Explain why the thermal decomposition of a mass of water is more energy-intensive than electrolysis of the same mass of water.

When heating water, the entire mass of water needs to be heated. The energy from this heating can be taken up in various storage modes such as vibration, translation and rotation of all the molecules. Electrolysis only affects singular molecules of water. Energy is not wasted in the motion of other molecules. This reduces the energy input required for electrolysis.