Power Transformer Protection Philosophy Explained | Differential, REF, OC & EF Backup Logic

Описание: 🔗 LinkedIn Post
https://www.linkedin.com/posts/nitinn...


00:00 Introduction
01:05 Why Transformer Protection Needs Multiple Layers
02:10 Thermal Protection – WTI & OTI
04:00 Differential Protection (87T)
05:40 Restricted Earth Fault (REF)
07:00 Buchholz & PRV – Incipient Faults
08:30 Harmonic Blocking Explained
09:30 LV Backup OC & EF
11:10 HV Backup OC & EF
12:40 Feeder Protection Coordination
14:00 Most Important Fault Escalation Logic
16:00 Parallel vs Independent Transformer Philosophy
17:30 Final Summary


Power transformer protection is not just about relays — it’s about selectivity, coordination, and guaranteed fault clearance.

In this video, I explain the complete power transformer protection philosophy using a single, easy-to-understand diagram. The discussion covers thermal protection, main protection, mechanical protection, backup OC & EF protection, and most importantly, how protection escalates when downstream protection fails.

🔍 Topics Covered in This Video:

Thermal protection using WTI & OTI

Transformer Differential Protection (87T)

Restricted Earth Fault (REF – 64)

Buchholz & PRV for incipient faults

2nd & 5th harmonic blocking

LV & HV backup OC & EF protection

Feeder protection coordination

Step-by-step fault escalation logic

Directional vs non-directional LV backup philosophy

Parallel vs independent transformer operation

This video is especially useful for:

Protection & testing engineers

Substation engineers

Power system students

Utility and transmission professionals

⚠️ Most Important Protection Philosophy Explained

✔ Feeder fault → Feeder protection operates first
✔ If feeder protection fails → LV backup operates
✔ If LV backup fails → HV backup operates
✔ If HV backup fails → Remote-end protection clears the fault

✔ Internal transformer fault → Differential protection (87T) operates first
✔ If differential fails → HV backup protection operates

✔ LV backup is Non-directional for independent transformers
✔ LV backup is Directional (towards HV) for parallel transformers

This philosophy ensures selectivity first, backup always, and fault clearance under all conditions.

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