The Complete History of Medieval England (1066–1485) | Historical Documentary

Описание: Medieval England was an era of profound political, social, and cultural changes that marked the course of the nation. Its beginning is usually situated in the year 1066, with the famous Norman Conquest led by William the Conqueror, who defeated King Harold II in the Battle of Hastings. This event not only changed the ruling dynasty but completely transformed the structure of the kingdom, introducing the feudal system and a new aristocracy of Norman origin.

During the XII and XIII centuries, England experienced a process of institutional consolidation. The reign of Henry II introduced legal reforms that laid the foundations of the English common law, while the signing of the Magna Carta in 1215, under King John Lackland, marked a milestone in the limitation of monarchical power and the recognition of certain rights to the nobles. This document would be a fundamental reference for the later development of liberties and justice in the Western world.

Medieval English society was deeply marked by religion and the influence of the Catholic Church. Monasteries became centers of knowledge, agriculture, and social aid, while Gothic cathedrals symbolized the devotion and spiritual power of the era. However, the daily life of the peasantry was harsh, characterized by working in the fields, tributes to the lords, and the consequences of wars and diseases, such as the devastating Black Death of 1348, which decimated the population.

The English medieval period culminated with the War of the Roses (1455–1485), a dynastic conflict between the houses of Lancaster and York for the throne. This bloody confrontation ended with the victory of Henry Tudor in the Battle of Bosworth, initiating the Tudor dynasty and marking the end of the Middle Ages in England. Thus, the nation entered a new era of political centralization, economic expansion, and cultural renaissance that would shape the powerful kingdom that would dominate the world centuries later.