Bhagavad Geeta 51 - Chapter 5 - Bannanje Govindacharya (5.1 - 5.3)

Описание: 5.1
Following up from the 4th Chapter, Arjuna expresses confusion and asks Krishna: Why do you praise doing Karma (called Karma Yoga here) but also praise Karma Sanyaasa? What is better?
2 ways of looking at this question, and answers for each:
One - Krishna praised Karma Yoga here but why did he recommend Karma Sanyaasa - giving up Karma? Karma Sanyasa isn’t really giving up Karma - it means offering all Karmas to Bhagavanta without Ahamkaara and Dwandva (Raaga-Dwesha). Therefore, there is no contradiction here.
Two - Krishna praised doing Karma. For Arjuna this means fighting in the war. Then he said Karma must be done as Karma Sanyasa - i.e. do it without Dwandwa (Raaga Dvesha) and offer it to Bhagavanta. How can Arjuna specifically do both? Fighting is an act of violence and it requires Raaga Dvesha to succeed. Answer is that it is possible to do both: Krishna explained in 2.37 - Arjuna will go to Swarga if wins or loses because he is fighting in the righteous battle for upholding Dharma and not for the greed of the kingdom. Also, Paandavas did fight without Raaga Dvesha because they fought Drona and Bheeshma who they loved only for Dharma. They were able to do this only because of Krishna’s guidance.

5.2
Krishna answers in a cryptic way that Karma Sanyaasa and Karma Yoga both will together lead to the highest good. But among the two, Karma Yoga (doing work with offering to Bhagavanta) is superior to Karma Sanyaasa (renunciation of Karma entirely with nothing to offer).
Nihshreyasa-Karau Ubhau - “Will both together lead to the highest good”. Ubhau is used to indicate "together".
The first line which says that Karma Sanyasa and Karma Yoga both together will lead to highest good, answers the first version of Arjuna’s question (acting vs giving up actions). It is not possible to act and give up actions together. So this means Karma Sanyaasa means performing actions without Raaga Dvesha and with Bhagavat Prajnya. Then it is possible to do both Karma Yoga and Karma Sanyaasa together.
Among Karma Sanyaasa and Karma Yoga, Krishna said Karma Yoga is better because it can be seen as a pre-requisite to Karma Sanyaasa - without Karma Yoga (performing of actions), there is nothing to do Sanyaasa - offer to Bhagavanta.

5.3
Krishna repeats himself and defines what is Karma Sanyaasa. He says Karma Sanyaasi is one who neither hates nor desires, and is free from Dwandwa (Raaga-Dwesha and the dualities of life like victory or defeat, happiness or sorrow, profit or loss). Such a person is easily freed from bondage of Samsaara.
From this, the first version of Arjuna's question is answered completely.
* Meanings of “Krishna" in 5.1 - one who attracts. In this context, attracts from doubts and towards understanding by answering his question. More meanings of Krishna explored.
Mahaa-Baahu - Outward meanings is “one with strong arms” but another meaning more relevant in this context is that “one who has given up even the deepest of desires” - Ba is desires (Ba Kaamane) and Ahu is sacrifice (Ahu is Ahuti) - thus Baahu is one who has given up desires and Mahaa-Baahu is one who has given up the greatest of desires. Thus, Krishna is telling Arjuna to give up his desires and become a Karma Sanyaasi.
Mahaa-Baahu is also used by Arjuna to refer to Krishna. There, it means "giver of Moksha" or "one who makes us do the give up the desires".