पृथ्वी का जन्म कैसे हुआं ? धरती पर जीवन की सुरुवात कैसे हुई | Evolution of Life on Earth | Human Evo

Описание: पृथ्वी का जन्म कैसे हुआं ? धरती पर जीवन की सुरुवात कैसे हुई | Evolution of Life on Earth | Human Evolution

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Evolution of Life on Our Earth
Key concepts of the Big Bang theory: Initial state: The universe originated from an infinitesimally small, hot, and dense point, often called a singularity.
Rapid expansion: In the first fraction of a second, the universe underwent an exponential expansion known as cosmic inflation. This stretched the universe.
Cooling and formation of matter: As the universe expanded, it cooled.
Subatomic particles like quarks and gluons formed, which then combined to create protons and neutrons.
Further cooling led to the formation of the first light elements, primarily hydrogen and helium, during a process called
Big Bang nucleosynthesis.

Structure formation: Gravity acted on the slightly denser regions of matter, causing them to pull in more material over billions of years. This process led to the formation of gas clouds, stars, and galaxies.

Accelerated expansion: Recent observations indicate that the expansion of the universe is accelerating.
This is attributed to a mysterious force called
"dark energy". 

1. Nebula (Birthplace): Formation: A star begins as a vast cloud of gas (mostly hydrogen and helium) and dust, known as a nebula.
Gravity's Role: Gravity pulls particles together, forming dense molecular clouds.
Temperature: The temperature in the cloud is low enough for the synthesis of molecules.

Nuclear Fusion Reaction Inside a Star

Early Stage of Solar system: Accretion disc with atoms of H, He, dust particles with very high temperatures present around sun.
Slowly cool down as time goes
Particles comes closer by gravity and formed large fired spherical bodies(Aag ke Gole).
Rotating around sun because highest gravity of the sun

Early Earth: H, He and dust particles and other heavy metals combined to form solid crust of the earth.
Very bigger in size compare than today's earth.
Very hot with hot lawa flowing all the surface of earth like today's Venus planet.
Temperature is around 1400-17000 C

Reading Phase of Earth: 4 billion years ago
Continuously meteorites attacks on earth.
Continuously volcanic eruptions are going on
Temperature rises due to meteorites attacks
Gases are erupted from volcanic eruptions
Due to Earths gravitational pull all the gases are circles the earth and make earths atmosphere.

How water comes on Earth: Meteorites are in the form of ice and when they hit very hot surface of the earth they melts and becomes vapors of water.
That’s why clouds are formed
After condensation of clouds resulted rain on earth
But due to hot surface of earth water eventually converts into water vapors again.
This process repeated again and again.
That gradually cool down the surface of the earth and forms oceans on earth in millions of years

How oxygen(O2) and carbon dioxide(CO2) form: 4 billion years ago, during the Hadean Eon
Molecules of oxygen and CO2 were formed due to lightening strikes in clouds
Some scientists thinks that water is not formed due to meteorites strikes but atoms are gradually formed from volcanic gases and lightening strikes, and these atoms comes closer to each other and form vapors of water and they condensed to form clouds and then rain.
Oceans formed.

Life Start on Earth 3.8 billion years ago
David miller experiment: Experiment design and process
Atmosphere simulation:
One flask contained water to represent the oceans, while another contained a mixture of gases, such as methane (𝐶𝐻4) Ammonia (𝑁𝐻3) and hydrogen (H2), believed to make up the early Earth's atmosphere.
Energy source:
An electric spark was discharged into the gas-filled flask to simulate lightning, providing the energy for chemical reactions.
Results and conclusion
After running the experiment for a week, the "ocean" flask contained various organic compounds, including amino acids—the building blocks of proteins. 
The experiment concluded that life did not necessarily require a supernatural origin, but could have arisen from inorganic chemicals through natural processes on the early Earth. 


Early stages of life on Earth: Life first originates in the oceans.
Combination of Amino acids form the structure of RNA and DNA.
First Prokaryotic cells are formed from RNA and DNA.
Then eukaryotic cells are formed having nucleolus.
First Unicellular organisms are formed.
Then multi cellular organisms are formed
This is acceptable that plants and animals are formed from the same DNA because 50% DNA of Animals matched with Plants DNA.