Gtq series gate 2025 computer network cs made easy

Описание: Download 1M+ code from https://codegive.com/13ae862
okay, let's delve into the important topics for the gate 2025 computer networks exam, focusing on high-yield areas, gtq series concepts, and incorporating code examples to solidify your understanding. we'll structure this tutorial to cover essential areas and provide you with strategies to approach the exam effectively.

*i. gate computer networks: core concepts & key areas*

before diving into gtq, let's outline the foundation. computer networks for gate is a vast subject, but some areas are consistently weighted higher. focus your energy on these:

1. *data communication fundamentals:*

*layered architecture (osi & tcp/ip):* know each layer's functions, protocols, and headers. understand the interaction between layers.
*encoding & modulation:* nrz, rz, manchester, differential manchester. ask, fsk, psk, qam. understand bandwidth efficiency and noise immunity.
*switching techniques:* circuit switching, packet switching (datagram, virtual circuit).
*error detection & correction:* parity, checksums, cyclic redundancy check (crc), hamming code.

2. *network layer:*

*ip addressing:* ipv4 and ipv6 addressing, subnetting, supernetting, cidr notation. address allocation (dhcp).
*routing algorithms:* distance vector (bellman-ford), link state (dijkstra), hierarchical routing. understand routing protocols like rip, ospf, bgp.
*forwarding:* address lookup, longest prefix matching.
*network address translation (nat):* understand the need for nat and its different types.

3. *transport layer:*

*tcp:* connection establishment (3-way handshake), connection termination, flow control (sliding window), congestion control (slow start, congestion avoidance, fast retransmit, fast recovery), reliable data transfer.
*udp:* connectionless protocol, simple data transfer.
*socket programming:* basic concepts of client-server communication.

4. **data link la ...

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Gtq series
GATE 2025
computer networks
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network protocols
data communication
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routing algorithms
TCP/IP
OSI model
network architecture
subnetting
network troubleshooting
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