How Did Planes Navigate The World Before GPS?

Описание: GPS was only opened to the public in 1983, so how did pilots navigate before GPS? Come With Me and Let's Find Out.

In 1983, Korean Air Flight 007 flew off course and flew over Russian Airspace. It was shot down and all on board were lost. The American President, Ronald Reagan, opened a military technology known as GPS to the public. But if GPS was only available in 1983, how did pilots navigate before then. This video has the answer.

In the 1910s, pilots used landmarks to navigate the world but when planes started to navigate at night, the resorted to celestial navigation. They used a tool called a bubble sextant to navigate. They used this tool by calculating the angle of the star then checked a logbook of the stars to find their position. This was often inaccurate because of turbulence or human error.

Another Technique to navigate was dead reckoning. A pilot would use a previously known position, like an airport, and calculate a projected position using lots of different factors like wind and speed. This would become less accurate the longer you fly for.

In the 1930s, the Adcock Range Stations came into fruition. They had 4 signal towers and 4 quadrants. Where the quadrants combined, a monotone signal would be emitted. These helped pilots fly a straight path. But they were sometimes dangerous. Find out why in the video.

In the 1940s, Loran came. Loran works by sending out a radio signal in conjunction with a minimum of 2 other stations so a total of 3 stations. The Loran receiver on the plane works out a line using the time difference between stations. In the end, there will be 2 lines that the plane has computed on a map. The location the 2 lines intersect is the location of the plane. Find out more in the video.

In the 1950s, VOR and TACAN came. VOR uses a modulated signal unlike Loran. VOR also only needs 1 station compares to Loran's 3! TACAN is very similar to VOR. TACAN is made for the military and it is more accurate thanks to its use of multiple frequencies. VOR and TACAN are often placed together and called a VORTAC station. A picture of this can be seen in the video.

00:00 Korean Air 007
00:46 Welcome To Aero Knowledge
01:08 Navigation Is Underrated
01:21 Landmarks
01:47 Celestial Navigation
02:24 Dead Reckoning
02:47 Adcock Range Stations
03:23 Consider Subscribing
03:33 Loran
04:26 VOR and TACAN
05:07 Thanks For Watching

Image and Footage Credits:

Images and Footage From Pixabay
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Images from Wikipedia:
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Images from Smithsonian:
https://www.si.edu/object/sextant-bra...