How to make 4 Domain of Earth model with Thermocol

Описание: Hello friends, here I show you How to make 4 Domain of Earth model with Thermocol and other basic objects. Please see carefully and make it easily. It will help the students of the school/college to create their project. Thank you.

Materials Required: Thermocol, Tissue Paper, Acrylic Colors, Plastic Leaf, Glue, Knife, Sand paper etc.

THE FOUR DOMAINS OF THE EARTH
1. Lithosphere: The solid portion of the earth
2. Atmosphere: The gaseous layers that surround the earth
3. Hydrosphere: Water covers a very big area of the earth’s surface and this area is called the Hydrosphere
4. Biosphere: It is the narrow zone where land, water and air together are found.

LITHOSPHERE
1. The outermost part of the Earth which consists of Upper Mantle and Crust of the Earth is known as Lithosphere.
2. Tectonic plates are a subdivision of Lithosphere.
3. Lithosphere has rigid mechanical properties. Pedosphere is the uppermost part of the lithosphere which reacts chemically with other 3 other major domains of earth namely; hydrosphere, biosphere and atmosphere.
There are Two Main Divisions of the Earth’s Surface
Continents – the large landmasses.
The Highest Mountain Peak on this earth is the Mount Everest. The current official elevation is 8,848 meters above sea level. The elevation was measured and established by an Indian survey conducted in 1955. The border between Nepal and China runs across its summit points.
Ocean basins – the huge water bodies.
Mariana Trench is the deepest Oceanic trench on Earth. The deepest portion is at 11,034 meters. Mariana Trench is located in the Pacific Ocean. Mariana Trench is 69 km in width and 2550 km in length. Mariana Trench derives its name from the nearby Mariana Islands which is located at around 200 km from the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean.
Continents
There are seven major continents and these are separated by large water bodies.
1. Asia, 2. Africa, 3. Europe, 4. North America, 5. South America, 6. Australia, 7. Antarctica

HYDROSPHERE
1. The hydrosphere includes water on earth in Oceans, Seas, Rivers, Lakes and even in frozen forms.
2. Only 2.5% of Earths water is freshwater. And even in this 2.5%; approximately 69% is in the form of snow and ice.
3. 97.5% of Earths water is saltwater, which is unfit for human consumption.
4. Approximately 71% of the Earth surface is covered by oceans.
Oceans-
1. The three chief movements of ocean waters are the waves, the tides and the ocean currents.
2. Oceans are the major part of the hydrosphere and they are all interconnected.
3. The Five Major Oceans in order of their size are
1.the Pacific Ocean, 2.the Atlantic Ocean, 3.the Indian Ocean, 4.the Southern Ocean,
5.the Arctic Ocean.

ATMOSPHERE:
The earth is surrounded by a layer of gas called the atmosphere.
1. The atmosphere extends up to a height of about 1,600 kilometers.
2. The atmosphere is divided into five layers based on composition, temperature and other properties and they are:
1. the troposphere
2. the stratosphere
3. the mesosphere
4. the thermosphere
5. the exosphere
3. About 99 per cent of clean and dry air in the atmosphere is composed mainly of nitrogen and oxygen. Nitrogen 78 per cent, oxygen 21 per cent and other gases like carbon dioxide, argon and others comprise 1 per cent by volume.

BIOSPHERE – THE DOMAIN OF LIFE
1. The biosphere is the narrow zone of contact between the land, water and air.
2. It is the zone where life exists that makes this planet unique.
3. The organisms in the biosphere are commonly divided into:
1. the plant kingdom
2. the animal kingdom
4. The three domains of the earth interact with each other and affect each other in some way or the other.


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