Polytrauma: Causes, Diagnosis & Emergency Treatment

Описание: Polytrauma refers to a medical condition where a person sustains multiple serious injuries affecting more than one body system, often as a result of high-impact events such as road traffic accidents, falls from height, or industrial injuries. These injuries may involve the head, chest, abdomen, spine, and limbs, making polytrauma a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate and coordinated medical care.

Effective management of polytrauma focuses on rapid assessment, stabilization, and treatment by a multidisciplinary trauma team. Early intervention, advanced imaging, emergency surgery, and critical care support play a crucial role in improving survival and recovery. In this video, we explain what polytrauma is, its common causes, symptoms, and the importance of timely trauma care in saving lives and reducing long-term complications.

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Hi, I'm Dr. Ayan Jambu, Senior Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon from Apollo-Vanagaram Hospitals. Today I'm going to discuss on polytrauma. And what is polytrauma? People should be aware. Because many times there is a lot of difference between polyskeletal injury, which is being treated as polytrauma. When there are multiple bone fractures, is called polyskeletal injury. What are the things you should know in a polytrauma? Most important thing is when a patient of polytrauma arrives in the casualty, the ride from the patient being picked up from the spot of injury to the emergency, the entire process, it should be fast-tracked. Our ambulance driver immediately indicates an informs our emergency team so that they are prepared for what next. So once the patient arrives in, the emergency physician take the lead and they come into picture and they do what you call as ABC, airway breathing circulation. And they first stabilize the patient. So next comes is after the airway breathing circulation, it's the injury area. Suppose head injury predominates and the patient has got a very poor Glasgow Coma scale. Then the neurosurgeon takes over the patient and he starts In case of orthopedics, the multiple bony injuries along with other system involvement, we apply a phenomena what you call as damage control orthopedics. What is DCO? We call it as DCO, Damage Control Orthopedics or other way what you call as ETC, Early Total Care. When to do what? That makes very important turning point in a patient's outcome. Whether we are going to do a damage control orthopedics or early total care purely depends on various factors as the patient arrives in the casual. Suppose like your systolic blood pressure, next how many units of blood have been transfused, what was this base deficit, whether he was acidic. Apart from that, whether there is hypothermia. Hypothermia is one which kills the patient. Whether it hypothermia. Then, after all this, we also take into serum lactate. What is the level of serum lactate? So like this, there are various factors which we take into account to decide whether I am going to do a damage control orthopedics or early total care. What we do in damage control orthopedics, when there is a major bony fracture, we don't produce a second hit to the patient. The first hit has already happened in the... during the injury in the road traffic accident. The next one is what we do here. So the next hit should not be given by us. That's called damage control. We never want to precede any more issue to the patient. So we do a bare minimum procedure where the patient's vitals are not altered. At the same time, some treatment is given so that the bones are stabilized in a form like, you know, external fixator. Instead of going and doing an intramural re-nailing by reaming for a femur or tibia for two to three hours and doing a major procedure, We do an external fixator and stabilize the patient and even there is a pelvic fracture which bleeding. We do an external fixator and make sure the bleeding is arrested, the patient's hemodynamic is stabilized and then we observe the patient for 24 to 72 hours. What we call this is the time where the second hit can happen.