India Bhutan relations

Описание: India-Bhutan relations are a "special relationship" built on friendship, trust, and shared interests, evolving from guidance to mutual cooperation, anchored by the 2007 Friendship Treaty, covering strong defense ties (India trains Bhutanese forces), massive developmental aid (hydropower, infrastructure, digital), trade (India is largest partner), and cultural links, with both nations strategically coordinating on security, especially concerning China.
Key Pillars of the Relationship:
Treaty Framework: The 1949 Treaty (revised in 2007) emphasizes mutual respect for sovereignty and cooperation on national security, preventing hostile use of territory, notes Vision IAS and Embassy of India Thimphu,Bhutan.
Development Partnership: India is Bhutan's largest aid donor, funding major projects in hydropower (Chukha, Tala, Mangdechhu), education, health, and digital connectivity, supporting Bhutan's Five-Year Plans.
Hydropower Cooperation: A cornerstone, with India funding major projects (totaling ~3000 MW) that export clean energy to India, notes Embassy of India Thimphu,Bhutan and PMF IAS.
Defense & Security: India provides training, equipment, and support to Bhutan's military, helping secure their shared border against threats, including from China, notes Testbook and ISEC.
Economic Ties: India is Bhutan's largest trade partner, with free trade agreements and transit facilities for Bhutanese goods.
Cultural & People-to-People Ties: Strong cultural bonds, shared Buddhist heritage, and numerous scholarships for Bhutanese students in India foster deep connections,