Mahatma Gandhi Jayanti | 2nd October | Rahul’s IAS

Описание: Mahatma Gandhi Jayanti: 2nd Oct

Mahatma Gandhi was born on 02 Oct 1869 at Porbandar, Gujarat. He was a greater leader and pioneer of Indian independence movement. He was a staunch follower of philosophy and strategy of non-violence. In his honour, this day is observed as Day of Non-Violence.

Gandhiji has been an inspiration for non-violent movements for civil rights and social changes across the world. Throughout his life, Gandhiji remained committed to his belief in non-violence even under oppressive conditions and in the face of seemingly unsurmountable challenges.
The principle of non-violence rejects the use of physical violence in order to achieve social or political change. It is often described as the “politics of ordinary people”. This form of social struggle has been adopted by masses all over the world in campaign for social justice.

Non-violence is a way by which people reject passivity & submission and see struggle as essential component to achieve freedom. It is not an attempt to avoid or ignore violence but it is actually a response to the problem of how to act effectively without use of force or violence.
One key tenet of the theory of non-violence is that power of rulers depends on the consent of the population, and non-violence therefore seeks to undermine such power through withdrawal of the consent and cooperation of the populace.

There are three main categories of non-violence action-
(a) Protest and persuasion, including marches and rights.
(b) Non-cooperation.
(c) Non-violent intervention, such as blockades and occupations.


Gandhiji studied law for three years in London after which he spent his early years as a legal consultant in South Africa. This period proved to be very influential on his political thoughts as he witnessed the stark inequalities engrained in South African society. He drew attention to the government’s harsh treatment of Indians and organized non-violent resistance to discriminatory laws. Upon his return to British controlled India in January 1915, Gandhiji had acquired the skills of both of an accomplished lawyer and a community organizer, dedicated to peaceful protests.
Following the end of World War-I, it became clear that the British government would not grant more social and political freedom to their prized colonial possession, India. Gandhiji subsequently embarked on a career to challenge the British and fight for self-rule or Swaraj. He focussed both on community as a whole and on individuals within that community. In this way, Gandhiji sought to bring about change on the macro and micro levels, expanding his advocacy to a number of issues in the sphere of social reform, such as harmony between Hindus and Muslims, promotion of women’s participation in politics and other related issues.

Gandhian principles are followed and included in the Indian Constitution when it provides special status to women and children and is also included in the Directive Principles of State Policy. In Article 40, it is brought out that the State shall organise village panchayats and endow them with necessary powers and authority to enable them to function as units of self-government. Article 43 provides for promotion of cottage industries on an individual or cooperative basis in rural areas. Article 43-B provides for organisation of autonomous body in the form of cooperative societies. Article 46 provides for promotion of educational and economic interests of SCs/STs and other weaker sections of the society and to protect them from social injustice and exploitation. Article 47 prohibits the consumption of intoxicating drinks and drugs which are injurious to health. Article 48 prohibits the slaughters of cows, calves and other milch & draught cattle and improve their breeds. All these articles have a clear imprint of Gandhian Principles.

Gandhiji was not only a great personality, he was in himself a philosophy who taught us the spirit of brotherhood, mutual co-existence and non-violence. His life is a message in itself and the most remarkable example that non-violence and self-determination can make any uphill task easily achievable. For all his super human efforts and activities carried out, he is known as the Father of the Nation. He is not only adored in our nation but also respected worldwide. This day is celebrated all over the world as the day for peace and non-violence.

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