"EMPLOYMENT OF SEA POWER " WWII U.S. NAVAL STRATEGY IN EUROPE / STRATEGIC PLANNING PART I 70024

Описание: Part II:    • "EMPLOYMENT OF SEA POWER "  WWII U.S. NAVA...  

This film EMPLOYMENT OF SEA POWER was shown in history classes at the U.S. Naval Academy and elsewhere in the USA in the 1950s. It was one of a series of two films that looked at overall U.S. naval strategy in WWII. Using animation and live action footage, this film looks at the thinking of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in regard to strategic decisions with respect to the Atlantic, Mediterranean and European Theater.

In December of 1941, war was being fought between the US, Japan, Germany and Italy (:57). A Joint Chiefs of Staff was developed to create cohesion between American and Allied military forces (1:16). Their duty was to plan the overall strategic decisions of WW2 (1:30). Tactics are the handling of forces once engaged in battle (2:11). Yet before tactics can be conducted, the decision of where to place forces must be made (2:15). This is called strategy and is determined by communication lines; sea routes that transport manpower and materials (2:17). Strategy is also determined by the method of bringing concentrated forces against a port of enemy forces while holding the enemy at all other angles simultaneously (2:41). The first decision, which had to be submitted to President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill, was how to divide the forces between the Atlantic and Pacific theaters (3:08). The Combined Chiefs of Staff agreed Germany was the most immediate threat (3:55) and to go on the defensive in the Pacific (4:13). The primary mission of the Navy was to control strategic communications, defend routes, and attack the enemy (5:02). US and British forces sent planes in search of U-boats and the Navy dispersed task units of carriers and Destroyers (5:27). These forces were able to avoid submarine clusters through shifting communication lines (5:54). As U.S. forces were able to drive U-boats from the Atlantic and hinder enemy vessels in their harbors, they controlled all lines of communication which gave them ‘command of the sea’ (6:47). However, to mount an offensive, it was necessary to gain control of areas not already held (6:52). There was a break in German forces in the center, yet it was not wise to involve Spain and Portugal in the war or give the Axis Powers an excuse to invade them (8:10). The decision was made to attack the flank in North Africa (8:17), and American and British forces struck at Morocco and the coast of Algeria (8:33). It was a complex procedure as there were three points in invasion as well as three separate beach heads to be attacked at Morocco (8:45). Under a unified command and mission, Casablanca was the strategic center (9:36). The fleet paved the way for these landings (10:11) and the second mission of the Navy was support of amphibious operations. The third mission was to support the forces once ashore (11:30). From here, the Allied forces headed for Tunisia (11:56), and then set for invasion of Sicily (12:11). Meanwhile, the US had built up powerful forces in the UK and began to push across the English Channel (12:54). This was the Normandy invasion in June of 1944 (13:01). The Red Army from the east, and British and American forces from the south and west were then able to advance on Germany and force the Nazi’s into unconditional surrender (14:50). In summary, the mission of the Navy was to protect the sea routes, disrupt enemy routes, pave the way for amphibious operations, and the strategic and tactical support of forces ashore (15:45). This has been of the films, Sea Power for Security (17:05).

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This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD, 2k and 4k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com