WOW! Amazing Agriculture Technology - Watermelon

Описание: Amazing Agriculture Technology - Watermelon. The watermelon is an annual herbaceous trailing plant which belongs to the cucurbitaceous family and goes by the scientific name of Citrullus lanatus.
As is common to intensive crops, the market life span of this fruit has been extended due to the fact that it is a forced crop which is protected by being grown in greenhouses. This means it is no longer a fruit grown exclusively during the summer only.
The process of planting of watermelons in greenhouses is carried out with seeds which have previously been germinated in seedbeds. This takes place from December until the month of April, which means they are sown earlier than they would be if sown directly.
Germination begins as soon as the cotyledons appear. Once the seedlings have grown to a height of about 8cm the end bud begins to appear, becoming longer, until the beginnings of new leaves start to show. At 10 or 12days after germination the cotyledons begin to wither and the end bud begins to sprout.
Crops which are grown under plastic are subject to the kind of temperatures and humidity that favour the spread of diseases. In order to overcome this, pumpkin pattern grafting is carried out due to its morphological and physiological affinity to the majority of watermelon varieties grafted. This creates a resistance towards Fusarium wilt and other fungus found in the soil.
The time lapse between sowing and transplanting varies between 30 to 40 days from the point of initial sowing in seedbeds. Seedlings should be transplanted into the soil with the root balls in tact; as this plant cannot stand to be transplanted with bare roots.
Holes are made with a hoe or a dibber. Once the root ball has been set in place it is covered with soil and watered, which helps to stabilize the plants and facilitates the root taking process.
One month after nascence the watermelon will begin to develop trailing stems and show the beginnings of stalks that branch out. A second watering should be carried out 10 or 12 days after this takes place.
Once watermelon plants are showing several leaves, some superficial work needs to be done in order to get rid of weeds and so that the technique known as ridging may be carried out.
There are two methods of pruning which are appropriate for watermelons cultivated in greenhouses.
The first requires action as soon as the plant begins to grow, which means that as soon as 4 or 6 true leaves appear, they should be de-budded above the leaf, causing the axial bud of this leaf to be pinched. The same process is repeated with the secondary branches. In this way the adult plant will have two stalks that grow out from the main stem and four secondary shoots.
With the second method only the two main branches are left to begin with. When these branches have 5 to 6 leaves, de-budding is carried out above the third leaf so that four secondary branches are allowed to form.

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