three people's principles - anthem of china (1942 recording)/translation and historical context

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The "National Anthem of the Republic of China", also known by its incipit "Three Principles of the People", is the national anthem of the Republic of China, commonly called Taiwan, as well as the party anthem of the Kuomintang. It was adopted in 1930 as the national anthem and was used as such in both mainland China and Taiwan until 1949, when the Republic of China central government relocated to Taiwan following its defeat by the Chinese Communist Party in the Chinese Civil War. It replaced the "Song to the Auspicious Cloud", which had been used as the Chinese national anthem before. The national anthem was adopted in Taiwan on October 25, 1945 after the surrender of Imperial Japan. Mainland China, being governed by the People's Republic of China today, discontinued this national anthem for "March of the Volunteers".
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The Republic of China (ROC) was established on 1 January 1912 as a sovereign state in mainland China[a] following the 1911 Revolution, which overthrew the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and ended China's imperial history. From 1927, the Kuomintang (KMT) reunified the country and initially ruled it as a one-party state with Nanjing as the national capital. In 1949, the KMT-led government was defeated in the Chinese Civil War and lost control of the mainland to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The CCP established the People's Republic of China (PRC) while the ROC was forced to retreat to Taiwan; the ROC retains control over the Taiwan Area, and its political status remains disputed. The ROC is recorded as a founding member of both the League of Nations and the United Nations, and previously held a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council until 1971, when the PRC took the seat of China from the ROC in the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758. It was also a member of the Universal Postal Union and the International Olympic Committee. The ROC claimed 11.4 million km2 (4.4 million sq mi) of territory,[6] and its population of 541 million in 1949 made it the most populous country in the world.
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Audio status:
Date of recording: 1942
Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Na...
License: public domain
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Photo status:
Date of recording: 1927
Source:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
License: public domain:
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Used texts:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republi...)
License:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...
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