Introduction To Network Topologies and Types of Networks

Описание: What is Network?
A network is a collection of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices, peripherals, or other devices connected to one another to allow the sharing of data. An example of a network is the Internet, which connects millions of people all over the world. Below is an example of a network with multiple computers and other network devices all connected with each other.
Your view of networking might be based on how you use the Internet, from home, using a high-speed Internet connection like digital subscriber line (DSL) or cable TV.
This is called a ‘SOHO’ network. SOHO means ‘Small Office, Home Office’ that is a typical high-speed cable Internet user. The PC connects to a cable modem using an Ethernet cable. The cable modem then connects to a cable TV (CATV) outlet in the wall using a round coaxial cable. Because cable Internet services provide service continuously, the user can just sit down at the PC and start sending email, browsing websites, making Internet phone calls, and using other tools and applications.

Network topologies and types of networks
The term network topology describes the relationship of connected devices in terms of a geometric graph. Devices are represented as vertices, and their connections are represented as edges on the graph. It describes how many connections each device has, in what order, and it what sort of hierarchy.
Typical network configurations include the bus topology, mesh topology, ring topology, star topology, tree topology and hybrid topology.
Local area network (LAN)
The term local area network (LAN) is commonly used to describe a network of devices in a limited area (a house, office, building). This type of network is usually capable of achieving high data transfer rate (up to 10 Gbps!) at low cost. Examples of this type of network are a small office network inside a single building or your home network.
A typical SOHO (small office/home office) LAN consist of PCs, printers, switches, routers, and cabling that connects all these devices together. Maybe you have built your own network at home or helped someone run the network at school or at your job. At work or home, you have a bunch of devices; Computers, printers, TVs, and so on. You connect these by means of a network. When the devices are connected, they’re able to share information. This could be sending a print job to a printer, sending an email, or streaming video. This can also be used for sharing an internet connection. For all these devices to communicate, they need to be connected together somehow. One way is to plug cables into the devices and connect them to another device called a switch. An example is in a school’s computer lab. In this case, a computer in the lab connects to a wall socket with a cable. Another cable runs through the wall, and comes out at a ‘patch panel’. This may be in a cabinet on the wall somewhere in the room, or in another room entirely. The port on the patch panel then connects to a switch. You might have a switch at home too. Most homes don’t have wall sockets, so devices are connected directly to the switch. We’ll talk more about how switches work in a future video.

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