Pharmacology of Mitotane (Mitodx, Lysodren); Pharmacokinetics, Mechanism of Action, Uses

Описание: Mitotane, also known by its brand names Mitodx and Lysodren, is a medication primarily used to treat adrenocortical carcinoma, a rare cancer of the adrenal glands. It works by inhibiting the adrenal cortex, which reduces the production of adrenal hormones. Mitotane is also sometimes used off-label for managing Cushing's syndrome.

Pharmacologically, Mitotane is a derivative of the insecticide DDT and acts as a cytotoxic agent. It selectively destroys adrenal cortex cells and inhibits enzymes like cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1) and 11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1), which are involved in steroid hormone synthesis. This leads to a decrease in cortisol and other adrenal hormones.

The drug has a long half-life, ranging from 18 to 159 days, and is administered orally. However, its use is often limited by side effects, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and neurological symptoms like memory issues and difficulty concentrating

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