D & F Block 04 | CLASS XII | NEET-UG | INORGANIC CHEMISTRY | OpenNEET | OpenED
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What are the d- and f-block Elements?
The elements present in the middle of the periodic table from Group 3 to 12 are called d-block elements. The name d- blocks because the last electron enters into the d-orbital of the penultimate shell.
These are often called transition elements because their characters lie between highly reactive metallic elements of s-block and nonmetallic elements of p-block elements. There are four series in the d block corresponding to the filling up of 3d, 4d, 5d or 6d orbitals.
First transition series or 3d series ( Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn)
Second transition series or 4d series (Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd)
Third transition series or 5d series (La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg)
Fourth transition series or 6d series- incomplete.
On the other hand,
f block elements are found outside at the bottom of the periodic table. The name f- blocks because the last electron enters into the f-orbital of the anti-penultimate shell.
These are also called inner transition elements. There are 2 series in the f block, corresponding to the filling up of 4f and 5f orbitals.
Lanthanide series or 4f series (Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm , Yb)
Actinide series of 5f series ( Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, Mo)
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