LECTURE 1 The Communicable Disease and public health

Описание: Communicable diseases are those that spread by an infectious agent, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Most of these diseases can be passed from person to person so the words “contagious” or “infectious” are often used when talking about communicable diseases.
Some communicable disease spread though the air. Others require direct contact with a contaminated surface, food or beverage, blood or or other bodily fluid. In some cases, a bite from an infected animal or insect is also capable of spreading the disease. Some diseases can be transmitted in more than one way.
Practicing these healthy habits will help you avoid germs and keep communicable diseases from spreading:
Handle and prepare food safely. Wash hands, utensils, and surfaces often when preparing any food, especially raw meat. Always wash fruits and vegetables. Cook and keep foods at proper temperatures. Don’t leave food out; refrigerate promptly.
Wash your hands frequently. Use soap and warm water whenever possible; if not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer to clean hands.
Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces to kill germs. Cleaning with soap and water is usually enough. However, you can use an EPA certified disinfectant (look for the EPA registration number on the label), bleach solution, or rubbing alcohol.
Cover your cough and sneeze with a tissue. If you don’t have a tissue, cough or sneeze into your upper sleeve or elbow, not your hands.
Avoid sharing personal items that can’t be disinfected, like toothbrushes and razors, or sharing towels between washes. Needles should never be shared, should only be used once, and then thrown away properly.
Get vaccinated. There are vaccines for children and adults designed to provide protection against many communicable diseases. There are also vaccines that are recommended or required for travel to certain parts of the world.
Avoid touching wild animals as they can spread infectious diseases to you and your pets. Coming into contact with the saliva, blood, urine, or feces of an infected animal could put you at risk.
Stay home when you’re sick. Don’t go to work, school or other public places when you are ill to avoid spreading germs.
#Communicable Disease #Public Health #Covid-19 #Biotechnology