Neural Control and Coordination | Nervous System & Reflex Action | NCERT Class 11 Biology |NEET 2026

Описание: This lecture covers Neural Control and Coordination, explained strictly according to NCERT Class 11 Biology and fully aligned with the NEET 2026 syllabus.
The Nervous System is one of the most conceptual and high-weightage chapters in Human Physiology. Every year, 2–4 direct MCQs are asked from this chapter on topics such as:
Neuron structure
Nerve impulse conduction
Synapse & neurotransmitters
Reflex action
Brain and spinal cord
Autonomic nervous system
Endocrine–nervous coordination
This lecture is designed to provide:
Crystal-clear diagrams
NCERT-accurate terminology
Strong concept clarity
Fast revision friendly format
Maximum scoring potential in NEET
If you master this lecture, you can confidently secure full marks from Neural Control and Coordination in NEET.
🔬 Topics Covered in This Lecture (NCERT Order)
🔹 1. Introduction to Neural Control and Coordination
Meaning of coordination
Need for coordination in multicellular organisms
Types of coordination:
Nervous coordination
Chemical (hormonal) coordination
📌 NEET Point:
Nervous system provides fast and short-lived responses.
🔹 2. Organization of Nervous System
✅ Central Nervous System (CNS)
Brain
Spinal cord
✅ Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves
✅ Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
📌 NEET Favourite:
ANS controls involuntary activities.
🔹 3. Neuron – Structural & Functional Unit
Parts of neuron:
Cell body
Dendrites
Axon
Types of neurons:
Sensory
Motor
Interneurons
📌 NEET Trap:
Axon transmits impulse away from cell body.
🔹 4. Nerve Fibre & Myelination
Myelinated fibres
Non-myelinated fibres
Nodes of Ranvier
Saltatory conduction
📌 NEET Favourite:
Impulse conduction is faster in myelinated fibres.
🔹 5. Generation & Conduction of Nerve Impulse
Resting membrane potential
Action potential
Depolarization
Repolarization
Role of Na⁺ and K⁺ ions
📌 NEET Repeated Line:
During depolarization, Na⁺ ions enter the neuron.
🔹 6. Synapse & Neurotransmission
Electrical synapse
Chemical synapse
Synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitters:
Acetylcholine
Noradrenaline
📌 NEET Favourite:
Transmission across synapse is unidirectional.
🔹 7. Reflex Action & Reflex Arc
Definition of reflex action
Components of reflex arc:
Receptor
Sensory neuron
Interneuron
Motor neuron
Effector
📌 NEET Point:
Spinal cord is the center for reflex action.
🔹 8. Human Brain (Very Important)
🔸 Forebrain
Cerebrum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
🔸 Midbrain
Reflex movements of head and eyes
🔸 Hindbrain
Cerebellum
Pons
Medulla oblongata
📌 NEET Favourite:
Hypothalamus links nervous and endocrine systems.
🔹 9. Protection of Brain
Skull
Meninges
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
📌 NEET Trap:
CSF acts as a shock absorber.
🔹 10. Spinal Cord
Continuation of medulla
Controls reflexes
Conducting pathway between brain and body
🔹 11. Autonomic Nervous System
Feature
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Action
Fight or flight
Rest and digest
Heart rate
Increases
Decreases
Pupil
Dilates
Constricts
📌 NEET Favourite:
Sympathetic system prepares body for emergency.
🔹 12. Disorders of Nervous System
Parkinson’s disease
Epilepsy
Alzheimer’s disease
Myasthenia gravis
📌 NEET Trap:
Myasthenia gravis affects neuromuscular junction.
📊 NCERT Summary Table (High-Yield)
Part
Function
Neuron
Conducts impulse
Dendrite
Receives impulse
Axon
Transmits impulse
Synapse
Junction between neurons
Cerebellum
Balance & posture
Medulla
Breathing & heartbeat
⚠️ NEET Traps Covered
✔ Impulse travels dendrite → axon
✔ Na⁺ influx causes depolarization
✔ Synapse transmission is unidirectional
✔ Reflex center = spinal cord
✔ Hypothalamus = homeostasis
🎓 Who Should Watch This Lecture?
NEET 2026 & 2027 aspirants
Class 11 Biology students
Droppers revising NCERT
Foundation batches
Biology teachers
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