Plate load test soil bearing capacity

Описание: A plate load test determines a soil's bearing capacity and settlement by applying load increments to a rigid plate placed at foundation level in a field test. After initial seating pressure, loads are applied and settlement is measured until the soil fails or a load-settlement curve is generated. This data helps design shallow foundations and pavements by providing in-situ soil strength properties, though the test plate is much smaller than a full foundation, necessitating scaling for cohesionless soils.
Purpose and Application
Determining Bearing Capacity: The primary goal is to find the maximum load a soil can support before shear failure.
Estimating Settlement: It also measures how much the soil compresses under load, providing crucial data for foundation design.
Foundation Design: Used for designing shallow foundations and raft foundations, especially for pavements and earthworks.
Field Test: The test is performed in the actual field (in-situ) to get reliable data on the soil's properties under real-world conditions.
Procedure
Preparation: A pit is dug to the depth of the planned foundation, and a rigid steel plate (typically 300mm or larger) is placed on a thin layer of fine sand to ensure uniform contact.
Seating Pressure: An initial, small load is applied and removed to seat the plate firmly against the soil.
Loading Increments: The load is gradually increased in small steps.
Settlement Measurement: The settlement of the plate is measured using dial gauges at specific time intervals for each load increment.
Failure Point: The test continues until the plate settles by a predetermined amount (e.g., 25mm) or the soil fails.
Load-Settlement Curve: The recorded load-settlement data is plotted to create a curve, from which the ultimate bearing capacity is determined.
plate load test bearing capacity
ultimate bearing capacity from plate load test
soil bearing capacity test at site
soil bearing capacity test

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