#G03

Описание: G02 and G03 are G-code programming commands used in CNC machining to perform circular interpolation, meaning they instruct the machine to move the tool along a circular arc.

G02 commands the machine to move in a clockwise (CW) arc from the current position to a specified endpoint.

G03 commands the machine to move in a counterclockwise (CCW) arc from the current position to a specified endpoint.

There are two primary methods to program these arcs:

Using I, J, K offsets (center-point programming):

I, J, and K represent the relative distance from the start point of the arc to the center of the circle in the X, Y, and Z axis directions respectively.

For example, in the XY plane (G17), you use I (X offset) and J (Y offset) to define the center relative to the start point.

This method is precise and often preferred for complex arcs and full circles.

Using the R value (radius programming):

R specifies the radius of the arc.

The controller calculates the center based on the start and end points and the radius.

This method is simpler but can be ambiguous with arc direction or radius when a large vs. small arc can be drawn.

Other key points:

G02 and G03 must always be accompanied by endpoint coordinates (X, Y, and optionally Z) and usually by a feedrate (F) to control cutting speed.

The arcs can be programmed on different planes using G17 (XY), G18 (XZ), or G19 (YZ) modes depending on the machining operation.

These commands stay in effect until overridden by other motion commands like G00 (rapid move) or G01 (linear interpolation).

They are fundamental for machining curves, rounded corners, pockets, and complex contours.

Example of G02 clockwise arc (IJK method):
G02 X20 Y10 I5 J0 F100;
This means move clockwise in an arc from the current position to X20 Y10 with the arc center offset 5 units in X direction from start point, at feedrate 100.

Example of G03 counterclockwise arc with R (radius) value:
G03 X15 Y15 R10 F50;
Move counterclockwise to X15 Y15 with a 10 unit radius, feedrate 50.

These commands are widely supported across CNC controls including Fanuc, Haas, and others, with minor syntax variations.

If you want practical tutorials or examples for programming with G02/G03, many CNC training sites and videos provide step-by-step instructions showing how to set arcs and radii using these commands.

In summary, G02 and G03 enable CNC machines to cut smooth, precise curves by interpolating circular arcs clockwise and counterclockwise, respectively, using either center-offset or radius programming methods.