5G Coverage Planning DL

Описание: The "Budget" That Decides Your 5G Coverage (And It's Not About Money).

Ever wondered how a mobile operator knows exactly how far a 5G tower can reach?

It’s not guesswork. It’s called a Link Budget—the engineering blueprint behind every cell site.

🧮 What is a Link Budget?

Think of it as a financial plan, but for signal strength. It answers one critical question:

“What is the maximum path loss a signal can handle and still be reliably understood by your phone?”

The answer directly determines the cell's radius.

📉 The Link Budget Equation (Simplified)

It all boils down to a powerful formula:

Max Path Loss = Tx Power + Gains – Losses – Receiver Sensitivity

Let's break that down:

➕ Tx Power & Gains: The signal's starting strength, supercharged by antenna gains (Massive MIMO is a game-changer here!).

➖ Losses: The real-world toll from walls, fading, interference, and distance.

🎯 Receiver Sensitivity: The minimum signal your phone needs to decode data (typically around -90 dBm).

Add it up, and you get a magic number—like 130 dB of maximum allowed path loss for a 3.5 GHz site.

💡 The Real Secret Sauce: Antenna Gain

This is where 5G shines. A base station with 128 antenna elements can provide a +21 dB gain.
That’s a massive signal boost from beamforming, directly extending coverage and improving quality without increasing power.

🏁 Why This Matters

Link budgeting is the non-negotiable first step in network design. It tells operators:

How many sites are needed.

Where to put them.

How to balance coverage, capacity, and cost.

So the next time you have a strong 5G signal at the edge of town, remember—a detailed link budget made it possible.

Mastering fundamental concepts like this is what separates great network engineers from the rest.

Want to build a solid, practical understanding of 5G planning and deployment?

We cover link budgeting, RF planning, and much more in our comprehensive 5G Course.

Plan your learning journey. 👉 https://www.itelcotech.com/learningpa...

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