Conservation of medicinal Plants I HINDI

Описание: Conservation of medicinal Plants I HINDI
Pharmacognosy

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Introduction
Based on the ethno medicinal traditional knowledge, utilization and conservation of medicinal & aromatic plants has received considerable attention in recent times, especially in south India.
Forests are the primary source of a variety of medicinal plants, while a number of the medicinal plants are also cultivated.
Conservation methods vary with many biological and environmental factors:
Breeding
Propagation
Genetic engeerining
PTC
Threats to medicinal plants
Need for conservation of medicinal plants:
To meet the requirements of expanding regional and international markets healthcare products & needs of growing populations, large quantities of medicinal plants are harvested from forests.

1. In situ conservation:
In situ or on site conservation involves maintaining genetic resources in their natural habitats i.e. within the ecosystem to which it is adapted,whether as wild or crop cultivar in farmer's field as components of the traditional agricultural systems.

2. Ex situ conservation
It involves conservation of biodiversity outside the native or natural habitat where the genetic variation is maintained away from its original location.

In vitro regeneration
It include plant/explant growth, maintenance under disease free condition, retention of regenerative potential, genetic stability, and ensuring that there is no damage to the live material.

Cryobanks for Conservation
Cryopreservation of plant cells & meristems is an important tool for long term storage of germplasm or experimental material without genetic alteration using a minimum space & maintenance.

Encapsulation/dehydration
is another new technique that offers practical advantages. It is based on the technology originally developed for production of synthetic seeds, i.e, somatic embryos encapsulated in a hydro-soluble gel.

Low Temperature Germplasm Storage
Preservation by under cooling has recently been applied to plant tissue cultures. The objective of this approach is to maintain tissues at low temperatures (-10 to -20 °C) but in the absence of ice crystallization.
Seed Storage Modules:
Usually seeds, being natural perennating structures of plants, represent a condition of suspended animation of embryos, and are best suited for storage.

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