Armen Allahverdyan: Work extraction from fluid flow: The analog of Carnot’s efficiency
Автор: PCS Institute for Basic Science
Загружено: 2021-04-07
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Title: Work extraction from fluid flow: The analog of Carnot’s efficiency
Abstract: The purpose of this talk is to show how ideas of quantum thermodynamics on maximal work extraction can apply to an important question for wind engines: How much work can be extracted from the kinetic energy of a fluid flow? I shall answer this question via a classical hydrodynamic model of a compressible fluid flow. The model employs conservation of mass, energy, and entropy and leads to a universal bound for the efficiency of the work extractable from kinetic energy. The bound is reached for a sufficiently slow, weakly forced quasi-onedimensional, dissipationless flow. In several respects the bound is similar to the Carnot limit for the efficiency of heat engines. More generally, the maximum work-extraction demands a contribution from the enthalpy, and is reached for sonic output velocities and strong forcing. I shall also discuss potential possibilities for extending these results to quantum hydrodynamic regimes.
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