Pharmacology of Atomoxetine (Strattera) ; Mechanism of action, Pharmacokinetics, Uses, Effects

Описание: Atomoxetine, marketed under the brand name Strattera, is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) used primarily to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Here's a detailed overview of its pharmacology:

Mechanism of Action
Atomoxetine selectively inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine (NE) by binding to the norepinephrine transporter (NET). This increases the concentration of norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft, enhancing neurotransmission and improving attention, focus, and impulse control2.

Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Atomoxetine is well absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations typically occurring within 1-2 hours.

Distribution: It has a volume of distribution of approximately 2.65 L/kg and is about 98% bound to plasma proteins.

Metabolism: Atomoxetine is metabolized in the liver primarily by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, particularly CYP2D6. It forms active metabolites, including 4-hydroxyatomoxetine3.

Elimination: The elimination half-life is about 4.5-25 hours, but this can vary based on individual metabolism. Atomoxetine is excreted mainly through the kidneys (80%) and to a lesser extent in the feces (17%)1.

Clinical Use
ADHD: Atomoxetine is indicated for the treatment of ADHD in both children and adults. It is often used when stimulant medications are not effective or not well-tolerated1.

Dosage: The typical dosage for ADHD ranges from 10 mg to 100 mg per day, depending on the patient's age and response to treatment.

Side Effects
Common side effects include abdominal pain, decreased appetite, nausea, feeling tired, and dizziness. Serious side effects can include angioedema, liver problems, stroke, psychosis, heart problems, and an increased risk of suicidal ideation in children and adolescents1.

Drug Interactions
Atomoxetine can interact with other medications that affect the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, particularly CYP2D6 inhibitors and inducers. It is important to inform your healthcare provider of all medications you are taking.

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