Cognition Across Life: From Cells to Consciousness | International Symposium | DAY 3| session 3

Описание: Cognition Across Life: From Cells to Consciousness | International Symposium | DAY 3| session 1


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The notion of bhakti (devotion) within Tantric traditions presents an apparent philosophical contradiction.Bhakti presupposes a dualistic relationship between the bhakta (devotee) and the devatā (deity),seemingly at odds with the non-dual metaphysics central to Kaula and Trika Tantra, where the realizationof the Self as the only ultimate reality (citi) is the stated goal. This raises a key question: How can bhakti,which is grounded in otherness, be reconciled with a system that asserts the fundamental unity of Self andGod?A second, equally complex issue arises from the non-dual perspective itself. If the Self and the divine arealways already identical, what necessity remains for any form of ritual practice, worship, or devotion? Fromthis standpoint, such practices risk appearing redundant or even illusory.Despite these tensions, Kaula and Trika traditions maintain a robust ritual culture infused with devotion,while simultaneously upholding the doctrine of non-duality. This coexistence suggests that bhakti andritual are not merely provisional tools, but integral to the realization and expression of non-dualawareness.This paper examines the apparent paradox by employing the philosophical framework of Pratyabhijñā(Recognition) from Kashmir Shaivism to interpret the ritual and devotional dimensions of the Kaulatradition. The aim is to demonstrate that bhakti in this context is not an obstacle to non-duality, but ameans through which the divine recognizes itself in the play of Self and Other.

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