gitlab ci for monorepos

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certainly! gitlab ci/cd is a powerful tool for automating the build, test, and deployment processes of your applications. when working with monorepos, which contain multiple projects or services within a single repository, you can optimize your ci/cd pipelines effectively. this tutorial will guide you through setting up gitlab ci/cd for a monorepo.

what is a monorepo?

a monorepo (monolithic repository) is a single repository that holds multiple projects or services. this approach can simplify dependency management, code sharing, and versioning across projects.

getting started with gitlab ci/cd

1. *structure of a monorepo*
let's assume you have the following structure in your monorepo:

```
my-monorepo/
├── project-a/
│ ├── src/
│ ├── tests/
│ └── .gitlab-ci.yml
├── project-b/
│ ├── src/
│ ├── tests/
│ └── .gitlab-ci.yml
└── .gitlab-ci.yml
```

2. *setting up the main `.gitlab-ci.yml` file*
this file will manage the pipeline for the entire monorepo. you can define stages and jobs for each project here.

```yaml
stages:
build
test
deploy

include:
project-a/.gitlab-ci.yml
project-b/.gitlab-ci.yml

deploy:
stage: deploy
script:
echo "deploying all projects..."
```

3. *creating individual `.gitlab-ci.yml` files for projects*
each project can have its own `.gitlab-ci.yml` file. this allows for more specific configurations, including dependencies and commands specific to that project.

*example for `project-a/.gitlab-ci.yml`:*
```yaml
stages:
build
test

build:
stage: build
script:
echo "building project a..."
cd project-a
npm install
npm run build

test:
stage: test
script:
echo "testing project a..."
cd project-a
npm test
```

*example for `project-b/.gitlab-ci.yml`:*
```yaml
stages:
build
test ...

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