How to Make a 0.5M HCl Solution (Hydrochloric acid)

Описание: To make a 0.5M (one molar) HCl solution there are a number of ways. This includes starting with concentrated HCl and using a stock solution and diluting. These three are the ones I find most useful.

Using a recipe from the manufacturer (link about bottom of this page):
Manufacturers of chemicals often provide instructions for preparing specific concentrations. In this case, you can search for a recipe online provided by the manufacturer of HCl. The recipe will typically include the required volume of a concentrated HCl solution and the appropriate volume of water to achieve a 0.5M solution. Follow the instructions carefully to ensure accurate preparation.

Using the dilution formula (M1V1 = M2V2):
If you have a concentrated HCl solution with a known molarity (M1), you can use the dilution formula to prepare a 0.5M solution. Let's assume you have a 12M HCl solution (M1) and you want to prepare 1L (V2) of 0.5M HCl solution. The formula becomes:
(12M)(V1) = (0.5M)(1L)
V1 = (0.5M)(1L) / 12M
V1 ≈ 0.041 L (or 41 mL)

Measure 41 mL of the 12M HCl solution and dilute it with water to a final volume of 1L to obtain a 0.5M HCl solution. Note: always start with some water and add the acid to water to avoid the exothermic reaction overheating and causing problems.

Diluting a stock solution:
If you already have a stock solution of HCl with a known molarity (higher than 0.5M), you can dilute it to obtain a 0.5M solution.

Be sure to take appropriate safety precautions when working with concentrated acids!

Flinn guide to laboratory solution preparation:
https://www.flinnsci.com/api/library/...