Nucleophilic Addition of Oxygen Nucleophiles (Hydrates, Hemiacetals, & Acetals)
Автор: Chemistry with Prof. Ogba
Загружено: 2026-02-21
Просмотров: 8
Описание:
In this video, we continue our discussion on the chemistry of carbonyl compounds by examining the nucleophilic addition of oxygen nucleophiles to aldehydes and ketones. We look at how to predict the product and propose mechanisms for forming hydrates, hemiacetals, and acetals. Consequently, we also cover the hydrolysis of these products back to aldehydes and ketones.
The learning goals for this video are for you to be able to predict the product and propose mechanisms for:
– Nucleophilic additions of oxygen nucleophiles to aldehydes and ketones to form hydrates, hemiacetals, and acetals.
– Hydrolysis of hydrates, hemiacetals, and acetals back to aldehydes and ketones.
Timestamps:
00:00 Introduction
00:46 Hydrate Formation
02:10 Hydrate Formation Under Basic Conditions
03:17 Hydrate Formation Under Acidic Conditions
04:54 Hydrate Hydrolysis
05:48 Hydrate Hydrolysis Under Basic Conditions
07:29 Hydrate Hydrolysis Under Acidic Conditions
09:32 Acetal Formation
09:43 Overview of Acetal Formation
11:46 Acetal Formation Mechanism Under Acidic Conditions (via Hemiacetal)
16:51 Examples of Acetal Formation
22:15 Acetal Hydrolysis
22:50 Acetal Hydrolysis Mechanism Under Acidic Conditions
28:29 Determining Acetal Hydrolysis Products
32:53 Conclusion
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