Logos: The Most Logical Rhetorical Appeal

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Have you ever had a teacher tell you “Be sure you back up a claim with evidence and reasoning.” If you have, your teacher wants you to demonstrate logos, or logic.

You see, when you write an argumentative essay that includes a thesis statement, and that thesis is followed by body paragraphs that each argue for that thesis, you are thinking logically. There is a method to your thinking, a pattern, a bringing-together of information that aligns and makes sense.

For example, in Barack Obama’s 2015 State of the Union address, Obama appeals to his audience’s sense of logic by supporting his claim with evidence.

But tonight, we turn the page. Tonight, after a breakthrough year for America, our economy is growing and creating jobs at the fastest pace since 1999. Our unemployment rate is now lower than it was before the financial crisis. More of our kids are graduating than ever before. More of our people are insured than ever before. And we are as free from the grip of foreign oil as we’ve been in almost 30 years.

Now Obama’s information here could be wrong, dramatized, or biased. But the structure of his ideas--that the economy is growing, unemployment is low, kids are graduating, people are insured, and the US is not as dependent on foreign oil as before--all provide evidence that aligns with Obama’s claim that America had a breakthrough year, and continues to do well.

Effective forms of logos include:

Statistics and facts.

These are effective when providing evidence to support a claim

If, then statements

Provide a linear line of reasoning.

Inductive and deductive reasoning

Demonstrates in-depth and methodical thinking.

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