Metal Defect Types

Описание: Photo album of metal defects detected by visual inspection

Сontents
1.1. - Defects of the mismatchin geometry of the casting
1.1.1. - Short run (misrun)
1.1.2. - Coldlap
1.1.3. - Incorrect shape
1.1.4. - Bulging
1.1.5. - Mismatch (cross-joint)
1.1.6. - Mismatchin core
1.1.7. - Different wall thickness
1.1.8. - Rod filling
1.1.9. - Distortion (warping)
1.1.10. - Short run (misrun)
1.1.11. - Mechanical damage
1.1.12. - Mechanical damage
1.1.13. - Metal run out
1.1.14. - Metal leakage

1.2. Cast surface defects
1.2.1. - Burn on
1.2.2. - Coldlap, coldshut
1.2.3. - Expansion scab
1.2.4. - Knob, scab
1.2.5. - Flash, cross-joint
1.2.6. - Surface contamination
1.2.7. - Oxide spots
1.2.8. - Veining (mapping)
1.2.9. - Surface damage
1.2.10. - Foldness (waviness)
1.2.11. - Roughsurface
1.2.12. - Gasroughness

1.3. - Defects of discontinuity in the casting body
1.3.1. - Shrinkage crack (hot crack)
1.3.2. - Cold crack
1.3.3. - Intercrystalline crack
1.3.4. - Blow holes
1.3.5. - Sieveshell
1.3.6. - Draw (contraction cavity)
1.3.7. - Sand holes (drop)
1.3.8. - Slag blow holes (slaginclusion)
1.3.9. - Pouredslag
1.3.10. - Graphite porosity
1.3.11. - Shrinkage porosity
1.3.12. - Gas porosity
1.3.13. - Micro porosity (shrinkage porosity,grainboundarycracks)
1.3.14. - Boiling
1.3.15. - Shrinkage depression

1.4. - Inclusion defects
1.4.1. - Exogenousmetallic inclusion
1.4.2. - Non-metallikinclusions
1.4.3. - Metal ball

1.5. - Structure mismatch defects
1.5.1. - Chill hard spots
1.5.2. - Halfness
1.5.3. - liquation
1.5.4. - Flakes

2.1. - Surface defects due to ingot and cast billetquality
2.1.1. - Rolled slag patch (sand mark)
2.1.2. - Hair line (spill)
2.1.3. - Rolled blister
2.1.4. - Bubble blistering
2.1.5. - Delamination
2.1.6. - Ingot hot tear
2.1.7. - Sliver (rolledscab)
2.1.8. - Rolled burn-on
2.1.9. - Rolled crack

2.2. - Surface defects formed during deformation
2.2.1. - Hot tears
2.2.2. - Cracked edge
2.2.3. - Folded edge
2.2.4. - Forging fold
2.2.5. - Sliver (rolling skin)
2.2.6. - Stress crack
2.2.7. - Pigeon hole
2.2.8. - Ridge
2.2.9. - Undercut
2.2.10. - Сut
2.2.11. - Wrinkles
2.2.12. - Lap
2.2.13. - Groove (guide mark)
2.2.14. - Through tears
2.2.15. - Surface tears
2.2.16. - Guide scratch
2.2.17. - Pricks
2.2.18. - Rolled indentations
2.2.19. - Indentation san droll marks
2.2.20. - Rippled surface
2.2.21. - Rolled-inscale
2.2.22. - Pittedsurface
2.2.23. - Pitting (scale pits)
2.2.24. - Rolled metal particles
2.2.25. - Sink-in
2.2.26. - Exfoliating scale
2.2.27. - Rolled-in foreign particles
2.2.28. - Metal leak
2.2.29. - Gray spots
2.2.30. - Dirty spots
2.2.31. - Sticker patches
2.2.32. - Burr
2.2.33. - Hacks
2.2.34. - End crack
2.2.35. - Slip bands
2.2.36. - Сold-hardening
2.2.37. - Crossbreaks (coilbreaks)
2.2.38. - Heat tints (oxidation tints)

2.3. - Surface defects resulting from finishing operations
2.3.1. - Picking cracks
2.3.2. - Slime deposit
2.3.3. - Underpickling
2.3.4. - Overpickling
2.3.5. - Scale residue
2.3.6. - Hue etching
2.3.7. - Rust spots
2.3.8. - Compression marks (handlingmarks)
2.3.9. - Scratch
2.3.10. - Grinding cracks
2.3.11. - Dull surface

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