Why Pakistan is fighting the Taliban it once backed | Mapped Out

Описание: Pakistan once hoped to have a friendly neighbor in Afghanistan. But Pakistan is now fighting the Afghan Taliban it once helped create. During the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan in the 1980s, Pakistan's powerful secret service, the ISI, supported the Mujahideen fighters who formed the Taliban with money, training and weapons. The Taliban regime has been back in power since the sudden withdrawal of US and NATO troops in 2021.

A recent shaky ceasefire between Pakistan and the Taliban government in Kabul is complicated by another Taliban grouping: The Pakistani Taliban or Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). The TTP have been carrying out suicide bombings and attacks in Pakistan. Islamabad has accused the Afghan Taliban of backing the terrorist group and also of giving them refuge inside Afghanistan. But the Afghan Taliban has denied the claims and is now looking to Pakistan's archrival India for support. Meanwhile, a colonial-era border between Afghanistan and Pakistan, the Durand Line, is adding fuel to the fire.

UPDATE February 2026:
Pakistan has declared "open war" on the Afghan Taliban. There has been a wave of Pakistani air and ground strikes on Afghanistan, including on the capital, Kabul. The Afghan Taliban announced a major offensive on Pakistani military posts. Fighting continues along the border. Both sides have reported heavy losses. The UN is calling for "urgent political dialogue" to end the fighting.

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Chapters:
00:00 Pakistan's deadliest year
00:56 The Taliban Pakistan helped create
03:30 Pashtun heartland
04:43 Durand Line: The colonial border issue
06:45 The TTP: The other Taliban
09:13 Pakistan's security dilemma: Pick your Taliban
12:17 US withdrawal from Afghanistan
13:10 India: Afghanistan's unexpected ally
15:01 How the conflict affects China and the region

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