The Rise and Fall of Çatalhöyük: A Neolithic Matriarchy?

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Catalhöyük was founded in around 7000 BC in central Anatolia. This ancient Neolithic site transformed our understanding of the first settlements in prehistory. The tightly packed houses, burials beneath house floors, and the striking wall art and incredible figurines astonished the world. Archeologists believe this was an egalitarian and even matrilineal society. Drawing on archaeology and ancient DNA, this film charts how this remarkable community rose, adapted to climate and social change, and ultimately came to an end.

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Sources

The Matter of Çatalhöyük https://amzn.to/3NqzGk2
Peopling the Landscape of Çatalhöyük https://amzn.to/3Njo2rh
Religion in the Emergence of Civilization: Çatalhöyük https://amzn.to/4qZgKY0
Çatalhöyük: The Leopard's Tale https://amzn.to/4qstqH3
Violence and the Sacred in the Ancient Near East https://amzn.to/3NnfXSp
Religion at Work in a Neolithic Society https://amzn.to/4pRcHw1
Eren Yüncü et al. ,Female lineages and changing kinship patterns in Neolithic Çatalhöyük. (2025). DOI:10.1126/science.adr2915
R. Yaka et al. (2021) — Variable kinship patterns in Neolithic Anatolia revealed by ancient genomes https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.03...
Doğu et al. (2024) — Ancient DNA analyses of Early Chalcolithic individuals from the West Mound (bioRxiv) — DOI: 10.1101/2024.10.22.619570
Koptekin et al. (2024) — Out-of-Anatolia (Aegean and Anatolian Neolithic gene flow) — DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.23.599747
Chyleński et al. (2019) — ancient mitochondrial genomes from Çatalhöyük burials

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Video Chapters

00:00 Çatalhöyük
02:30 Video Sponsorship
04:05 Before Çatalhöyük
09:56 Excavating Çatalhöyük
12:51 The World of Çatalhöyük
15:55 Animals of Çatalhöyük
18:48 The Settlement of Çatalhöyük
24:16 The Houses of Çatalhöyük
29:10 Death and Kinship at Çatalhöyük
35:30 Art at Çatalhöyük
41:12 The End of Çatalhöyük
47:10 The Legacy of Çatalhöyük