1. Purine Salvage Pathway 🧬⚡ (Part 1) | HGPRT, APRT & Clinical Correlations | USMLE Step 1

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Purine Salvage Pathway 🧬⚡ (Part 1) | HGPRT, APRT & Clinical Correlations | USMLE Step 1

This lecture explains Purine Salvage Pathway – Part 1, a high-yield and clinically important topic in USMLE Step 1 biochemistry, focusing on how purine bases are recycled to conserve energy and maintain nucleotide balance 🧬📚. The purine salvage pathway allows free purine bases such as hypoxanthine, guanine, and adenine to be reutilized by converting them back into nucleotides using PRPP (phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate) rather than synthesizing them de novo ⚡. Key enzymes including HGPRT (hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase) and APRT (adenine phosphoribosyltransferase) are explained with their specific substrate roles, emphasizing why this pathway is especially important in tissues with limited de novo synthesis such as the brain 🔥. High-yield clinical correlations introduced include Lesch–Nyhan syndrome due to HGPRT deficiency, leading to hyperuricemia, gout, neurological dysfunction, and self-mutilation, along with the biochemical basis of increased uric acid production 🧠. By integrating pathway steps, enzyme function, PRPP regulation, and disease associations, this session builds strong conceptual clarity and exam-ready recall essential for USMLE Step 1 MCQs and integrated metabolic questions ❤️✨.

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